Paper by Erik D. Demaine 
- Reference:
-  Greg Aloupis, Erik D. Demaine, Alan Guo, and Giovanni Viglietta, “Classic Nintendo Games are (Computationally) Hard”, Theoretical Computer Science, volume 586, 2015, pages 135–160.  
- Abstract:
- 
We prove NP-hardness results for five of Nintendo's largest video game
franchises: Mario, Donkey Kong, Legend of Zelda, Metroid, and Pokémon.
Our results apply to generalized versions of Super Mario Bros. 1–3, The
Lost Levels, and Super Mario World; Donkey Kong Country 1–3; all Legend
of Zelda games; all Metroid games; and all Pokémon role-playing games.
In addition, we prove PSPACE-completeness of the Donkey Kong Country games and
several Legend of Zelda games.
- Comments:
-  This paper is also available from ScienceDirect and as arXiv:1203.1895. 
- Availability:
-  The paper is available in PDF (3487k).
-  See information on file formats.
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- Related papers:
-  Nintendo_FUN2014 (Classic Nintendo Games are (Computationally) Hard) 
See also other papers by Erik Demaine.
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Last updated October 27, 2025 by
Erik Demaine.